The water pump has great flexibility and adaptability, no building complex structure under water, can be used as a supplement, emergency drought measures fixed station, improve irrigation and water supply guarantee rate, worthy of promotion.
In the large range fluctuation of water level, pumping station construction of fixed investment, long construction period, difficult construction site should consider the water intake pump station. Because it has greater flexibility and adaptability, it has no structural complex.
It has a short construction period, fast efficiency and less investment.
1 shortcoming of fixed pump station
The water level amplitude is large compared to the construction of a fixed pumping station pump has the following disadvantages:
(1) high investment in infrastructure construction. The cost of the project is high, and the cost of equipment and personnel is high. The fixed pumping stations usually need to build complex hydraulic structures, and the investment in fixed pumping stations will be greater when the water level of the season and the water level in the dry season are larger.
(2) the cost of cofferdam is high. The fixed pump station is usually constructed in the dry season, and the cofferdam construction measures are usually adopted before the construction, which often requires a higher cofferdam cost.
(3) long period. The construction of the fixed pumping station needs to wait until the dry season, and deep foundation excavation and high difficulty building pump house are needed, so the construction period is longer.
(4) the water quality is poor. The fixed pumping station can only take lower layer water, because the sediment of the lower level is more, the pollution level is high, and the sediment content is high, which results in the poor water quality of the fixed pumping station.
(5) the use is restricted. The fixed pump station is influenced greatly by the change of water level, which weakens its water intake capacity.
2 technical summary of the water pump vessel
2.1 the structure of pump
The water pump is mainly composed of a water pump, floating, contact tube (connected with the pump outlet pipe and water pipe on the shore), shore water pipe, valves, power supply equipment, lifting equipment and mooring equipment, in addition to lighting, communication equipment, ship protection equipment and water level alarm equipment etc.. The water pump is installed on the floating ship. The floating ship rises and falls automatically along with the change of the water level. It adjusts the relative connection between the connecting pipe and the shore water delivery pipeline to adapt to the influence of geographical conditions and the change of the water level.
2.1.1
Connection form of connecting pipe
2.1.1.1
There are 1 spherical joints at each end of the contact pipe of the spherical joint steel connecting pipe. One end is connected with the outlet pipe of the pump, and one end is connected with the water transfer pipe. Connect the general way for the ladder, when the water level fluctuation is smaller, then pump lift, contact tube or spherical movable joint allows smaller bending and rotation; when the water level fluctuation is larger, should move the position and contact tube and joint replacement manifold (the replacement should stop pumping). This form of connection for site slope is relatively slow, the water level fluctuation slow site.
2.1.1.2
Rocker type steel tube contact this connection for site slope is steep, the water level fluctuation of water flow velocity faster or more occasions. The pier is set at the bank slope above the normal water level to support the movable sleeve joint of the fixed water pipe and the connecting pipe. The contact tube and the other end of the pipe joint is provided with a set of movable sleeve joint (fixed in the pump on), composed of a set of three to the activities of the rocker arm connecting pipe. When the water level is raised and down, the slope of the connecting pipe is automatically adjusted to match the ship's lift, and the pumping is not interrupted, and the management is convenient. The hull can also be rotated horizontally, and the flood period can be anchored to the shore for anchoring, but the sleeve is much more frictional and easy to leak when working.
2.1.1.3
Rubber joint of steel pipe steel pipe will contact contact with both ends of the connecting rubber hose with a flange, fixed on the steel structure of the bridge, the steel bridge is connected with one end of both ends of the shore high pier or flood suspension structure on the frame, the other end is arranged on the spherical bearing on the side of the pump, and the spherical on the base with tension and compression of the two sets of spring buffer to pump wind effects caused by offshore or in mobile. This form is applicable to large quantity of water, the water flow is acute and steep river, and does not need to change the joint, can adapt to the moving and lifting pump. Because the joint on the shore is above the highest water level, the diversion bridge also works as a traffic bridge, so the operation and management is convenient. But the heavy steel of the lead bridge is its disadvantage.
2.1.2
Plane layout of a floating ship
The layout of floating vessels mainly includes equipment and ship's bow and stern. The equipment can be generally divided into two kinds: the upper and the lower ones. The upper finger is installed on the deck of the pump, as shown in Figure 1. The arrangement is easy to install and operate, and the inlet and outlet pipe can be laid on the deck. But the foundation of this arrangement is high, the center of gravity is high, the stability is poor, and the vibration is great. The lower bearing type refers to the installation of the pump unit on the bottom of the cabin, such as Figure 2, so the center of gravity is low, the stability is good, and the vibration is small. But the conditions of management, operation and ventilation are poor. At the same time, as the suction pipe passes through the ship's port, it is only used in the hull of the steel structure.
ZTE pump layout.Png
The ship's fore and aft deck, should pump anchorage and displacement mode and operation requirement according to the arrangement, winch, mooring piles, chock and other facilities.
2.2 the location of the selected pump
Selection of pump water position, should pay attention to the following points:
(1) the river is wide, smooth flow, the depth of water is sufficient, the flood period will not diffuse, dry season water depth of not less than 1.0m.
(2) the river bank is stable and the slope of the bank is between 1 and 1.5 to 1: 4.
(3) in the navigation and river rafting, keep a certain distance between pump and main channel, to prevent the impact of pump.
(4) the large reflux area should be avoided, so as not to be large